The third generation of the Porsche Cayenne is 4.92 meters in length and has four wheel drive. Its body is 63 millimeters longer than the one of the Cayenne that it replaces and has a very similar design. The most notable change is in the later pilots, who are now thinner, give a three-dimensional effect and are linked by a strip of ledes.
At the moment, Porsche has released three versions, all with a gasoline engine. Cayenne (340 hp), Cayenne S (441 hp) and Cayenne Turbo (549 hp). The first two are on sale for 87 579 and 107 127 euros respectively The Cayenne Turbo will be available at the end of 2017.
The engine of the Cayenne version has six cylinders, 3.0 liters of displacement and a turbocharger . With it, this SUV can accelerate from 0 to 100 km / h in 6.2 seconds and reach 245 km / h of top speed. The engine of the Cayenne S is also six-cylinder, but its displacement is a little smaller -2.9 liters- and has two turbochargers. This version can accelerate from 0 to 100 km / h in 5.2 seconds and reach 265 km / h.
The Cayenne Turbo has an eight-cylinder engine, 4.0 liters of displacement and two turbos. The performance data are as follows: 0 to 100 km / h in 3.9 seconds and 286 km / h of maximum speed. Currently there is only one vehicle of comparable dimensions that accelerates faster, the Tesla Model X P100D , which is an electric model of 612 hp that can go from 0 to 100 km / h in 3.1 s (its maximum speed is 250 km / h).
Some alternatives to the Porsche Cayenne are the Audi Q7 , the Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupé and the Land Rover Range Rover Sport .
The Cayenne and Cayenne S are respectively 55 and 65 kg lighter than their predecessors. The body, the floor of the vehicle, the front section and many components of the chassis, which is new, are made of aluminum. For the first time the tires of each axis have a different size. The tires can be from 19 to 21 inches in diameter .
The automatic gearbox, which Porsche calls Tiptronic S, has been redesigned. As before, it is of torque converter and with eight ratios. The modifications affect the response time, which has been reduced, and the gear ratios in the low gears have also been shortened, among other things, to improve the ability to move off the asphalt (as the previous model lacks reduction gear ) . In addition, the eighth gear is now longer, in order to be able to move at a steady high rate, consuming less fuel.
The Cayenne is the model that Porsche has used to release a new brake system called PSCB. It is an option on the Cayenne and the Cayenne S, and is standard on the Cayenne Turbo. It consists of discs made of cast iron and covered with a layer of tungsten carbide. The tweezers of this system are painted in white and the coating of the discs makes them have a bright appearance. They can only be associated with 20- and 21-inch wheels. Above this system, available in option, are the ceramic brakes PCCB.
The Cayenne Turbo has a mobile spoiler at the end of the roof . It is similar to the Panamera Sport Turismo and its function is to increase the aerodynamic support on the rear axle and help in the braking phases. According to Porsche, thanks to it, the braking distance of 250 to 0 km / h is reduced by 2 meters.
For the first time, the Cayenne can have a rear axle with electric steering, a system we have already tested on the 911 , the Panamera and the Audi Q7. It serves to improve the curve stability of the vehicle at high speed and also to reduce the space needed to perform maneuvers at low speed. It also has an electronic system of active stabilizing bars that compensates for the rolling of the body in the curves; is called PDCC (Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control). The suspension can be from coil springs (standard on the Cayenne and Cayenne S) or from air springs (standard on the Cayenne Turbo). The latter is composed of pneumatic elements with three air chambers.
The Cayenne has several off-road driving modes that help to progress with guarantees depending on the state of the floor where it circulates. These act on the height of the suspension and the traction control. There are four: Gravel, Mud, Sand and Rocks. A differential locking system is available for more complex areas.
Porsche says the trunk has 770 liters of capacity (745 l on the Cayenne Turbo), a volume high and 100 liters higher than the car it replaces. This data includes the spaces of the double bottom and is measured with the backrests of the rear seats located in their most vertical position (there are ten positions, in the previous model only two, that give a set of 18 degrees in the inclination of the backrest) and the stool moved as far forward as possible (the bench can move 160 mm in the longitudinal direction).
All Cayenne models have standard headlights for all functions. In addition, there are two optional lighting systems. The next to basic, called the Porsche Dynamic Light System (PDLS), has curved lighting function and a highway mode of operation. Finally, the PDLS Plus system consists of 84 diodes that can operate individually to modify the distribution and intensity of light. As in other similar systems, this allows to illuminate as much as possible (using long lights) without dazzling other road users. According to Porsche, PDLS Plus also has a function to attenuate the reflex produced by the signs and the traffic signals.
Porsche has equipped the interior with the multimedia system associated with a 12.3-inch screen that premiered the Panamera . In these Impressions of the interior of the Panamera we give much information about the system. On the Cayenne, it has an application called Offroad precision, which allows documenting off-road driving through video recordings, says Porsche, so that the driver can improve his skills.
Among the safety and driving aids you can carry are the infrared night vision system , the alert and the maintenance of the lane , the system of recognition of traffic signals , the alert for the presence of vehicles in the blind angle of the mirrors and the active speed programmer . Other elements of the standard equipment include a parking aid system with front and rear sensors, a telephone module that provides a WiFi network and communication with Porsche Connect services (assistance and vehicle assistance) and a protection system preventive of pedestrians.
2018 Porsche Cayenne Engine
As of September 2017, the Cayenne range consists of three versions with three different engines, all gasoline: Cayenne (340 hp), Cayenne S (441 hp) and Cayenne Turbo (449 hp).
The engine of the Cayenne has six cylinders placed in uve, a displacement of 2995 cm³ and a turbocharger ( x-ray of the Porsche Cayenne ). The maximum power -340 CV- gives between 5300 and 6400 rpm and the maximum torque -450 Nm- between 1340 and 5300 rpm. The compression ratio is 11.2: 1 and the maximum rpm is 6500 rpm. It is the same engine that has the basic version of the Panamera , although in this model gives 330 hp.
The engine of the Cayenne S has six cylinders placed in uve, a displacement of 2894 cm³ and two turbochargers, these last placed between the two banks of cylinders, as in a Mercedes-AMG GT. With regard to some turbos on the sides of the benches, this configuration decreases the volume occupied by the engine and allows shorter inlet and outlet ducts, thus improving the response time of the turbochargers. The maximum power -441 CV- occurs between 5700 and 6600 rpm and the maximum torque -550 Nm- between 1800 and 5500 rpm. The compression ratio is 10.5: 1 and the maximum rpm is 6800 rpm.
The engine of the Cayenne Turbo has eight cylinders placed in uve, a displacement of 3996 cm³ and two turbochargers of double entry. Both turbos, as in the engine of the Cayenne S, are placed inside the benches. The maximum power -549 CV- is generated between 5750 and 6000 rpm and the maximum torque -770 Nm- between 1960 and 4500 rpm. The compression ratio is 10.1: 1 and the maximum rotational speed is 6800 rpm.
The 340 hp Cayenne is the version with the lowest fuel consumption, 9.0 l / 100 km, equivalent to carbon dioxide emissions of 205 grams per kilometer. It is a consumption higher than that of a Audi Q7 3.0 TFSI of 333 hp and a Volvo XC90 T6 of 320 hp, but lower than that of an Infiniti QX70 3.7 GT of 320 hp.
The gearbox is the same in all cases: Tiptronic S. It is automatic, torque converter type , has eight ratios and ZF manufactures. It can withstand up to 1100 Nm of torque and the same gear housing serves to accommodate the front differential. In the Porsche with double-clutch PDK and full-wheel drive, as in a Panamera 4S, the differential is located under the lower crankcase .
The difference between the shortest (first) and longest (octave) ratio is larger than the Cayenne 2015 automatic gearbox , which was also an eight-speed torque converter. All Cayenne reach the top speed in the sixth. The seventh and eighth are relationships designed to cause the engine to rotate at low revs when driving on highways, thereby reducing noise inside the passenger compartment and reducing fuel consumption.
Other measures aimed at reducing consumption are inertia (the engine and gearbox are disengaged when neither pedal nor accelerator nor brake is depressed) and the automatic start and stop of the engine in the arrests ( Stop & Start ). The latter can take action at speeds of less than 7 km / h. The Tiptronic S box is designed to work with hybrid drive systems.
Porsche says that this box fits better to the driving characteristics of the Cayenne than the dual-clutch PDK. The Tiptronic S box is smoother and thermally stable when driving at low speed and off-road than the PDK. Porsche also says that as the Cayenne is not an extreme sport, it is not necessary to minimize the time between change and change.
All Cayenne have the same all- wheel drive system , unlike the Cayenne 2015, which has a permanent all-wheel drive system . The torque distribution between the two axles of wheels is made according to the conditions of circulation and varies between 100% to the wheels of the rear axle, to an even distribution (50/50) between both axles (as in the Alfa Romeo Stelvio ). The mechanism in charge of making the coupling is an electronically controlled oil-dipped multi-disc clutch located at the output of the gearbox.
2018 Porsche Cayenne Brake System
There are three types of brake: standard, PSCB and PCCB. The Cayenne and the Cayenne S are standard and the Cayenne Turbo PSCB (PCCB are always optional). The standard system consists of cast-iron discs. On the Cayenne these discs measure 350 mm in the front axle (where there are four piston calipers) and 330 mm in the rear (two piston calipers). On the Cayenne S the diameter of the discs is 390 mm ahead (with six piston calipers) and 330 mm behind (with four piston calipers).
PSCB brakes are also cast iron, but are coated with a surface layer of tungsten carbide (II) (W 2 C). According to Porsche, the advantages of the PSCB brakes over the standard are better performance when braking strong and continuous (the brake pedal maintains a more constant feel braked after braking), less dust generation of the pads (and less accumulation of this in the tires) and lower wear of the discs (their lifespan can be up to 30% longer). The PSCB system differs clearly from other braking systems because the surface of the disc reflects the light as a mirror and because the tweezers are white. The discs of the front axle have a diameter of 415 mm and are bitten by 10 piston calipers of Akebono. On the rear axle they measure 365 mm and have four-piston calipers from Brembo .
The PCCB system uses ceramic disks. The diameter of these on the front axle is 440 mm (10 piston calipers) and on the rear is 410 mm (4 piston calipers). Outwardly they are recognized because the color of the clips is yellow.
The Cayenne 2018 is built on the Volkswagen Group’s Evo MLB platform. The front and center of this platform is the same as the Audi Q7, but the back is different. The platform and the body are made of aluminum and steel. Overall, the proportion of aluminum is 47% (this material are made bonnet, boot lid, doors, ceiling, floor and side body panels) and the steel is 53%. The Porsche Cayenne 2018 is lighter than the Cayenne 2015. The difference between the corresponding Cayenne and Cayenne S versions is 55 and 65 kilograms respectively.
2018 Porsche Cayenne suspension
The suspension on both axles is multi-arm type. On the Cayenne there are coil springs and shock absorbers of fixed hardness, in the Cayenne S coil springs and dampers of variable hardness and in the Cayenne Turbo pneumatic springs and dampers of variable hardness. In all cases, the front subframe of the suspension is aluminum and not steel as in the previous generation Cayenne. The rear suchasis is made of steel, as in the Cayenne 2015.
The pneumatic springs have three air chambers and not one like the Cayenne 2015. This is not new in Porsche because the Panamera has similar springs. Each of the three chambers is connected independently to the air pressure pump, which gives the possibility of using one, two or three chambers. This makes it possible, among other things, to mark more the differences between the sporty and normal driving mode and also to maintain the flexibility of the suspension (and to improve the comfort) when the body rises. The elasticity constant of the front springs can vary between 21 and 37 N / mm and that of the rear springs between 17 and 31 N / mm. The elasticity of the single-spring Cayenne 2015 springs was fixed: 26 N / mm front and 25 N / mm rear.
With the pneumatic springs the height of the body with respect to the ground is variable. There are six levels, although one of them – called “load level” – can only be activated when the vehicle is stationary and its aim is to reduce the height of the rear axle to the maximum to facilitate the loading of objects in the trunk. The other five can be switched on and with them the distance to the ground varies from a minimum of 162 mm (it is the “Dive” mode and automatically activates above 210 km / h) and a maximum of 245 mm mode designed to facilitate off-road driving).
The optional system of active stabilizer bars has electromechanical rather than hydraulic actuators, which reduce the response time and operate thanks to a new 48 volt electrical system (this is the same system as the Audi Q7). The actuators can generate power pairs of up to 1200 Nm and intervene more or less intensively depending on the chosen driving program and the driving conditions. According to Porsche, this system makes the body roll is zero to lateral accelerations up to 0.8 G and with two people on board.
The directional rear axle is also an option. Up to approximately 80 km / h the rear wheels turn in the opposite direction of the front wheels and, from that speed, they do it in the same. This reduces the turning diameter (from 12.1 to 11.5 meters) and improves stability at high speed. The rear wheels rotate in a maximum angle of 3 degrees. This system also has other Porsche models, such as the 911 Turbo and the Panamera.
The Cayenne Turbo has an aileron at the end of the roof that acquires different angles of inclination according to the speed of the vehicle and the selected driving program. It is standard and is not available for all other versions. Its aim is to increase aerodynamic support on the rear axle and thereby improve stability. In normal driving mode and at speeds below 160 km / h, it remains in the rest position. With the Sport driving mode or speeds higher than 160 km / h it rises until a slope of 6 (the position is called “performance”). In Sport driving mode, the incline is 12.6º, but if the solar roof is opened, it reaches 19.9º to compensate for the turbulence generated by this. The last position is activated when braking from speeds between 170 and 270 km / h. The aileron reaches the 28.2 degrees of inclination and, according to Porsche, thanks to him the stopping distance in a deep braking from 250 km / h decreases 2 meters.
All Cayenne have blinds behind the front grilles that open and close to control the flow of air to the engine radiator and intercooler . The movement of the front blinds (the ones that are in front of the radiator) is independent of the lateral ones (those that give the intercoolers). They open to increase cooling and close to improve aerodynamics. The Cx coefficient of the Cayenne and Cayenne S is 0.34, while that of the Cayenne Turbo is 0.35. In the corresponding versions of the Cayenne 2015 the Cx is 0.36.